Hanoi, the vibrant heart of Vietnam, is a city that promises to enchant and surprise at every turn. Founded along the banks of the Red River, Hanoi was bestowed with the name Thang Long, or “Soaring Dragon,” by Emperor Ly Thai To in 1010. From its origins in swampy lands to becoming a dynamic capital with a rich tapestry of history, this city has weathered centuries of war, natural calamities, and shifting regimes. Today, Hanoi is a mesmerizing blend of ancient architecture, bustling motorbike-filled streets, and lively traditions like sipping fresh “bia hoi” (draft beer) in the charming Old Quarter. Dive into the essence of this historic city with our guide to 16 must-see attractions that showcase Hanoi’s unique charm and heritage.
Hoan Kiem Lake
Legend has it that Emperor Ly Thai To was given a magical sword by a giant golden turtle from Hoan Kiem Lake to help him defeat the Ming dynasty. After his victory, the emperor returned the sword to the turtle, who then submerged it back to the gods. Today, Hoan Kiem Lake is not only cherished for its picturesque beauty but also offers a glimpse into the daily life of Hanoi’s residents.
Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum
This imposing structure, completed in 1975, is the final resting place of Vietnam’s revered leader, Ho Chi Minh. It’s a site of profound historical significance and a must-visit for understanding Vietnam’s modern history.
Hoa Lo Prison
Known as the Hanoi Hilton during the Vietnam War, this prison offers a sobering look at the harsh conditions faced by prisoners. Exhibits include a French guillotine and memorabilia from the war era.
Mot Cot Pagoda
This iconic Buddhist pagoda, built in 1049, is renowned for its unique design resembling a lotus flower. It was constructed by Emperor Ly Thai To and is a symbol of purity and spiritual devotion.
The Old Quarter
This historic area of Hanoi, with its 36 streets, offers a glimpse into the city’s past. Each street historically specialized in a particular trade, such as Silver Street or Silk Street.
Tran Quoc Pagoda
Situated on an island in West Lake, Tran Quoc Pagoda is the oldest Buddhist pagoda in Hanoi. The pagoda features a stunning 11-story stupa and beautiful gemstone-studded statues.
Hanoi Opera House
A colonial gem built in the early 20th century, the Hanoi Opera House is Vietnam’s largest theatre. It hosts a range of performances by local and international artists.
Long Bien Bridge
Designed by French architects and completed in 1902, this steel bridge offers a picturesque view, especially in the evening when it is lit up. It also holds historical significance from the Vietnam War era.
The Water Puppet Theatre
Experience traditional Vietnamese folklore with water puppet shows, where puppeteers operate wooden characters from behind a screen. The performances are both entertaining and educational.
Ngoc Son Temple
Located on a small island in Hoan Kiem Lake, this temple honours Saint Van Xuong and General Tran Hung Dao. The temple’s renovation in 1884 added parallel sentences to its walls, enhancing its cultural significance.
Temple of Literature
Built-in 1070, this temple was Vietnam’s first university. It honours Confucius and Vietnamese scholars, and its courtyards and statues of turtles symbolize academic success and good fortune.
The Imperial Citadel
A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the citadel was once the centre of Vietnam’s military power. It features ancient palace foundations and bunkers from the Vietnam War.
Saint Joseph’s Cathedral
Inspired by Notre Dame de Paris, this Neo-Gothic cathedral is a popular spot for both worshippers and tourists. It stands on the site of a historic landmark from the Ly Dynasty and is known for its architectural beauty.
Museum of Ethnology
This museum explores the diverse cultures of Vietnam’s 54 ethnic groups. It includes cultural costumes, handicrafts, and outdoor displays of traditional architecture.
The Fine Arts Museum of Vietnam
This modern museum showcases Vietnamese art, including paintings, sculptures, and ceramics. It’s a great place for art enthusiasts to explore the country’s creative heritage.
Vietnamese Women’s Museum
A contemporary museum dedicated to the role of Vietnamese women throughout history. Exhibits include artefacts, costumes, and photographs highlighting women’s contributions to Vietnamese society.
Hanoi is a city that offers an unparalleled blend of history, culture, and modern vibrancy. Each attraction provides a unique glimpse into the heart of Vietnam’s capital. Whether you’re exploring its historical sites, soaking in its rich cultural heritage, or simply enjoying the lively atmosphere, Hanoi promises an unforgettable journey. Embrace the adventure and let this dynamic city leave its mark on your travels.
